DOI:10.30842/alp230657371913665
Kalyakin I. V. Refleksivnyye mestoimeniya
v muirinskom yazyke darginskoy gruppy. Acta Linguistica
Petropolitana. 2023. 19(1): 36–65.
The study investigates the formal aspects of reflexive pronouns
in Muira Dargwa and addresses their distribution within different
syntactic domains, also discussing available mechanisms of their
interpretation. The data for this study were collected through
fieldwork in the village of Kalkni (Dakhadayevsky District,
Republic of Dagestan, Russia) in June-July 2021.
Muira Dargwa differentiates between two pronouns traditionally
classified as reflexives: a simple reflexive and a complex
reflexive. The simple reflexive saj represents the bare
reflexive stem inflected for case and number, with absolutive forms
also distinguishing gender. The complex reflexive sunni
saj consists of two occurrences of the simple reflexive
pronoun: the first component either takes the case of the
antecedent or stands in the genitive, whereas the second component
bears the case of the reflexivized argument. It is noteworthy that
the linear order of the components is not strictly fixed: they can
change places and admit various constituents in between, which
makes them appear rather as different entities than parts of one
compound or constituent.
In Muira Dargwa the simple reflexive pronoun can refer to its
antecedents either locally or distantly. It can also function in
numerous non-reflexive contexts as a logophoric pronoun, a
resumptive pronoun, an intensifier and a pause filler. The complex
reflexive is strictly local and, in most cases, lacks orientation
motivated by structural asymmetries. That is why the reflexive is
in the ergative subject position, whereas the antecedent is in the
absolutive direct object position apparently c-commanded by the
subject. In some cases of semantic binding, however, the indicated
symmetry disappears, and the complex reflexive can no longer be
used in the subject position and must be c-commanded by its
antecedent. Further extensive work is needed to account for the
behavior of the complex reflexives in Muira Dargwa.
Keywords
Northeast Caucasian languages, reflexive
pronouns, intensifiers, anaphors, subject orientation
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