Adverbial constructions with syncretic semantics in Turkic languages

Khabibullina L. G. Obstoyatelstvennyye konstruktsii s sinkretichnoy semantikoyv tyurkskikh yazykakh. Acta Linguistica Petropolitana. 991.

In Turkology adverbial relations, including the functional-semantic categories and reflecting the interdependence of the phenomena of reality, require a multidimensional scientific description. Yet, the main direction of a research of adverbial relations was limited to the analysis of their separate individual variations. However, it should be stressed, that in some cases several syncretic values are represented in one syntactic structure. This study aims to analyze the relationship between several types of adverbial relations on the material of Turkic languages, to determine the ways in which the meanings of purpose and reason, and meanings of condition and time are interlaced in the Turkic languages.Acard file gathered by method of continuous selection from fiction, small genres of Turkic folklore and informal conversations has served as the source of data and as the key base for the research. The study was conducted on the material of Turkic languages belonging to the Oghuz, Kyrgyz-Kypchak, Kypchak and Karluk-Uighur groups.The following methods of research were applied to the solution of the tasks: method of the linguistic description, method of the modeling and transformational analysis, method of the semantic analysis.On the basis of the conducted research it has been revealed that the structures of causation and purpose are formally poorly differentiated in Turkic languages. The main criterion which makes it possible to distinguish between these two types of interpretation is the contrast between premeditation vs. unintentionalness of action. The purpose is the expected result of certain actions. The “reason” causes another state of affairs, which can be labelled “consequence”, precedes it in time and it is a basis of its emergence, in other words, the reason generates the consequence. Thus, the purpose, unlike the cause and effect, is directed to the future, its implementation demands some conscious activity.A certain degree of vagueness with respect to simultaneity/ sequence is characteristic of Turkic constructions that express conditional and temporal semantics; this vagueness is due to the fact that the main semantic component of these constructions is not the correlation of actions in time, but their asymmetry.